Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition

Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition 3(2+1)

Lesson 7:Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)

Deriving estimates of energy requirements

1. Comparision of energy cost of some common activities in terms of BMR units.



Sitting quietly	1.20
Standing quietly	1.40
Sitting at desk	1.30
Standing & doing lab work	2.0
Harvesting	3.6
Hand saw	7.4
Typing (sitting)	1.58
Walking (3 MPH)	3.7




Computation of energy requirements of Indian adults in terms of BMR units:

2. Recommended BMR factors for computing energy requirement of Indians

Recommending Body	Sex	Sedentary	Moderate	Heavy
ICMR 1989	Man/ Woman	1.6	1.9	2.5
FAO/ WHO/ UNU 1985	Man Woman	1.55 1.56	1.78 1.64	2.10 1.82

Activity	Duration(hr)	Sedentary (K.Cal/ Min)	Moderate	Heavy
Sleep	8	1.0	1.0	1.0
Occupational activity	8	1.7	2.8	4.5
Non occupational activity	8	2.2	2.0
Average for (24 hrs)		1.6	1.9	2.5
Computed for 24 hrs
Reference Man (60kg)		2424	2882	3788
Reference Woman (50kg)		1872	2223	2925

Energy Requirement of man and woman (K.Cal/ day)

Sex	Body wt(kg)	Sedentary	Moderate	Heavy
Man	60	2425	2875	3800
Woman	50	1875	2225	2925

Pregnancy:

During pregnancy additional energy is required for

Growth of foetus
Growth of placenta	Total energy cost(55kg woman) is 80,000k cal of this 36,000 k cal is deposited as fat( to be utilized during lactation)
Growth of Maternal tissue
To meet increased BMR

Additional energy of 5% in first trimester,
12% in second & third trimester
Therefore additional energy allowance of 300 k cal/day during pregnancy is required.

Lactation

Additional energy required during lactation is computed from the volume of milk secreted, its energy content and efficiency of conversion of food energy to milk energy is 80%. Therefore RDA during lactation

0-6 months + 550 k cal/ day
6-12 months + 400 k cal/day

Infants

0-6 months 108k cal/ kg body weight/day
6-12 months 98 k cal/kg body weight/day

RDA for children

Energy needs of children (1- 10 yrs) are computed from energy needs per kg body weight of well- to- do Indian children.

The values of energy requirement of children (k cal/day) for different age groups are given in table.

	AGE GROUP	BODY wt(kg)	BOYS(k cal/day)	GIRLS(k cal/day)
1.	1-3 Yrs	12.2	1240	1240
2.	4-6 Yrs	19.0	1690	1690
3.	7-9 Yrs	26.9	1950	1950
4.	10-12 Yrs		2190	1970
5.	13-15 Yrs		2450	2060
6.	16-18 Yrs		2640	2060