Children With Developmental Challenges

Children With Developmental Challenges 3(2+1)

Lesson 2 : Classification of Disabilities

Types of Disabilities

1. Physical Disabilities
   1. Orthopedic impairment / Mobility Impairment
      • Arthritis
      • Rheumatoid Arthitis (RA)
      • Osteoarthritis
      • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
      • Muscular Dystrophy (MD)
      • Crippling from infections - poliomyelitis / infantile paralysis; Osteomylities
      • Congenital malformation – Absent limb/reduced limb function , Limb deficiency
        absence of limbs; dislocation of joints; cleft palate; club foot;
      • Traumatic crippling - amputation
   2. Neuro-motor impairments
      • Cerebral palsy
      • Spinal cord injury
      • Spina-bifida
   
   
2. Sensory impairment
   • Visual impairment - Partial / complete blindness
   • Auditory / Hearing impairment- Partial / complete deafness


3. Cognitive/ intellectual impairments / Disorders of Intelligence
   • Mental Retardation
   • Slow learners
   • Downs Syndrome


4. Neuro biological disability
   • ADD
   • ADHD


5. Pervasive Developmental disorders / Autism Spectrum Disorder
   • Autism
   • Asperger Syndrome
   • Rett syndrome
   • childhood disintegrative disorder


6. Speech and Language Impairment - four major areas in which these impairments occur are:
   • Articulation
   • Fluency
   • Voice
   • Language

   Speech disorders

   • stuttering
   • stammering
   • lisping
   • esophageal voice

   Communication disorders

   • expressive language disorder
   • receptive- language disorder
   • mixed language disorder


7. Specific Learning disabilities
   • Dyslexia
   • Dysgraphia
   • Dyscalculia


8. Severe and/or Multiple Disabilities


9. Psychological Disabilities
   • Anxiety Disorder
   • Bipolar Disorder
   • Depression
   • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
   • Phobia
   • Acrophobia
   • Agoraphobia
   • More in List of Phobias
   • Schizophrenia


10. Chronic Health impairments / Chronic Illnesses
    • Asthma
    • Cancer
    • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
    • Diabetes
    • Hypoglycemia
    • HIV AIDS
    • Renal Failure
    • Tuberculosis (TB)
    • Epilepsy
    • Cardiac conditions
    • Cystic Fibrosis