Apparel Industry Management

Apparel Industry Management 3(3+0)

Lesson 5 : Top, Middle and Lower Management

Top Management

Top Management is at the head of the organization. It consists of the representatives of the shareholders, viz., the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive [e.g. President, Managing Director or the General Manager] and the Senior Executives, [e.g. Vice-President or Deputy General Manager] and the Senior Executives [e.g. Vice-President or Deputy General Managers). They are the ultimate level of authority in the operation of the enterprise. They set the objectives, define the goals, establish the policies, see that the policies are put into effect and judge the results. Livingston has described the top management’s actual operation by listing it as follows:

1. Decision-making:
1. Origination versus confirmation or veto
2. Planning
1. Setting of goals
   What, how much, at what price, when and where.
2. Mechanism
1. Process
2. Structural organization and co-ordination
3. Appointment of key personnel
3. Policy
1. Definition
   General versus specific
2. Interpretation.
4. Implementation
1. Release of authority
2. Integration
5. Financial:
1. Selection of types of funds to be secured
2. Distribution of profit.


2. Judicial
1. Comparison
   Of accomplishment with goal
2. Evaluation
1. Of Accomplishment with the cost
2. Of alternative possibilities
3. Counsel:
   In place of decision or command.