Filament yarn size is dependent partly on the size of the holes in the spinneret and partly on the rate at which the solution is pumped through the spinneret and the rate at which it is withdrawn. The size of the fibers and yarns is expressed in terms of weight per unit length called the Denier. Denier is a direct system based on the weight in grams of 9,000 metres of yarn. In this system the length of yarn of 9000 meters is kept constant rather than the weight. The count is written as the number of grams followed by alphabet D. Ex: 10D indicates that 10 grams of fiber was drawn to a length of 9000 meters. Higher number indicates thicker yarn in contrary to the count system. This system is used for continuous filament yarns and threads, silk and nylon for example.
There are few difficulties that arise to calculate the yarn count when fibers of natural are blended with the synthetics. So also when two natural fibers like cotton and wool are blended as they both have different length to be calculated for the same count. To mitigate such problems Tex system was introduced by International Organization for Standards (ISO).
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