Aquatic ecology and Biodiversity

Unit 12- Biodiversity and conservation

12.3.11. Mangrove aforestation
Mangrove forest destruction and depletion of its natural resources pose loss of biodiversity The problem is particularly observed in the western coast where it is only about 40,000 ha (total area of Indian mangroves is about 350,000 ha). Conservation measures and afforestation are therefore essential. Mangrove conservation and development efforts undertaken by the Government of India, the Government of Goa and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Administration have so far been successful in reducing the degree of problems, restoration and rehabilitation of degraded

Mangrove conservation and reforestation programmes along the central west coast of India have resulted in increased public awareness regarding the importance of mangroves; control of intertidal mudbanks; opening of new avenues for forestry and social forestry activities; increased biomass along the estuaries, which has influenced biological productivity; and increased bird and other animal life (Untawale, 1996). Kandelia candel is the most common species planted in mangrove replantations because they have relatively larger droppers. To enhance the replantation site to be more resemble to the natural habitat, however, multi-species replantations should be conducted which include other common mangrove plant species such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Aegiceras corniculatum.