AGB 211: Livestock and Poultry Breeding (2+1)

DRAUGHT CATTLE IMPROVEMENT

• Though there is a decline in the demand for draught animals, they do have a critical role for ploughing (particularly in wet areas), transport of agricultural produce and manuring the fields. The scenario is unlikely to change for another decade or so and therefore the draught breeds have to be not only preserved but also improved. Selective breeding of indigenous breeds has to be resorted to. Wherever possible in addition to AI, natural service through licensed bulls may be adopted. Criteria for selection of draught cattle have to be developed and research on work physiology should be initiated. For the draught breeds Breeders’ societies may be organized and registered. Active patronage by the government and support of the non-government organizations is needed.
• Majority of local cattle is grouped under the category “non-descript” since they are considered to have no distinct external features. They are found mostly in resource poor areas and meet the draught power of the region. Hence crossbreeding with exotics for increasing milk production may not be advisable. One approach is to select bulls locally based on phenotypic features for draught qualities and use them for natural service. The other approach is to introduce Tharparkar, a dual purpose hardy breed into southern states for upgrading the local cattle. This may improve milk production without affecting draught quality and disease resistance.