VMC 211: General Veterinary Microbiology (1+1)

CHEMICAL DISINFECTANTS AND STERILANTS

S.No.	Compound	Mode of action	Use
1.	Phenolic compounds	Denatures proteins, disrupts cell membrane	Antiseptic at low concentration and disinfectant at high concentration
2.	Alcohols Ethanol, propanol	Denatures proteins, solubilizes lipids	Used on skin as antiseptic
3.	Chlorine compounds Sodium hypochlorite Calcium hypochlorite Sodium dichloro isocyanate Chloramines Chlorine dioxide	Oxidizing agent Disrupts disulphide and other bonds	To disinfect liquid, surface decontamination, instrument disinfection. Chlorine dioxide – gas sterilization
4.	Iodine, iodophors	Inactivate proteins	Antiseptic and surface disinfection
5.	Quaternary ammonium compounds	Disrupt cell membrane	Surface decontamination
6.	Aldehydes Formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde	Alkylating agent	Cold sterilant - surface , instrument, glassware
7.	Ethylene oxide	Alkylating agent, disrupt tructure of proteins and nucleic acids	Sterilization of heat/ moisture sensitive supply, equipment, instruments.
8.	Heavy metals	Coagulate proteins, react with SH group of proteins	Antiseptic