VPT 311: General and Systemic Veterinary Pharmacology (2+1)

PROCESSES IN SOLUTION

• Maceration: This process is leaving a solvent in contact with a drug without application of heat for a sufficient length of time in order to dissolve out its soluble matter. The insoluble residue is called ‘marc’.
• Percolation: This is extraction of soluble constituents of drugs by allowing a solvent to descend through a column of powdered drug in a cylindrical vessel. The solvent is called the menstruum vegetable tissue is called ‘marc’.
• Granulation: Coarsely crystalline salts are converted into granular powder by dissolving in water and evaporating the solution to dryness by continuous stirring.
• Lixiviation: By this a soluble salt is separated from a mixed or compound solid by dissolving in water, decanting the supernatant liquid into another vessel and evaporating it to dryness leaving the insoluble residue behind. The solution is called ‘lye’.