VPP 322: Aquatic Animal Diseases, Health Care and Management (1+1)

MULTILEVEL INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE

• Fish culture can be integrated not only with the single farming practise which are detailed in chapter-2 (Livestock-fish culture) but also with many farming practices simultaneously as in multilevel integrated aquaculture or integrated web as detailed.

Multilevel integrated aquaculture helps to

• Raise the energy utilization efficiency
• Decrease the costs
• Increase the production and income

Fish-Livestock-Horticulture Integration

Fish-livestock-horticulture integration is a combination of fish-cum-livestock and fish-cum-horticulture models.

• In this type of integration, animal manure and pond silt from fish-cum-livestock integration are used as fertilizers and crop products from fish-cum-horticulture integration are used as feedstuffs for both fish and livestock. Fish- pig- horticulture intetgration is being widely practiced.
• In fish-cum-pig integration, all pig excreta is used to fertilize the fish ponds stocked with plankton feeding fishes.
• In pig-horticulture -fish integration, pig excreta is used as fertilizer for the horticulture crops which includes fodder and vegetables that are grown. Fodder crops would also act as a feed to herbivorous fishes. A part of the pig excreta may go directly to the fish ponds. Finally, the accumulated pond silt returns to the land as crop fertilizer. Thus, both terrestrial and aquatic primary productivity is fully utilized.  

Nutrient cycle and energy flow in pig-crop-fish integration (FAO)

Multilevel Comprehensive Utilization Web Model of Food and Agricultural Organisation(FAO)

• An integration web can be regarded as a number of connected nutrient cycles and energy flows. The general form is recycling of animal manure. 

  A multilevel integrated fish farming web of chicken-pig-fish(FAO)

 

• Cow-mushroom-earthworm-duck-fish or cow-mushroom-biogas-earth-worm-duck-fish integration web is followed in China. Cow dung can be used to grow mushrooms, cow urine can be used for fish farming; mushroom soil can be used for earthworm culture; earthworms are fed to ducks; and duck excreta is applied to fish ponds. Thus, the different constituents of cow excreta are utilized at different levels and the new constituents produced at the following level can be utilized by the next level, etc.

A web of integrated fish farming of cow-earthworm-duck-fish(FAO)