VCP 411: Medicine Section

RECTAL EXAMINATION

• In order to palpate the accessible organs of the pelvic and abdominal cavities through the wall of the rectum, it is best to use a long-sleeved glove of rubber of plastic for hygienic reasons and to prevent the acquisition of allergies or infections. The outside of the glove is rendered slippery by applying a suitable lubricant. During the examination the head and tail of the animal need to be held by an assistant.
• If the animal does not empty its rectum spontaneously in response to the entry of the hand, it may be necessary to remove the contents. The hand is held flat with the fingers together as it is introduced along the rectum in a gliding movement, avoiding stretching or gripping which can set off contractions of the rectum, and avoiding injury to the lining. If peristaltic waves occur, the hand must be held in a cone-shaped position or withdrawn until the wave has passed. In the course of prolonged examination air may be aspirated, distending the wall of the rectum and it is difficult to feel anything through it. If so, the examination should be interrupted until the rectum has resumed its normal shape.

Dog

• It is limited because we can feel pelvic organs in the rectum which are within the reach of finger or last finger covered with a plastic or rubber finger stall. In order to avoid injury cut your nails. Rectal exploration is done with a suitable probe

Horse

• Many horses resent the action but once the hand passes beyond the anal sphincter manipulation does not cause pain and no resentment. When the animal strains no pressure must be offered. The arm should be released immediately and again to be pushed backwards towards the anus. Otherwise it is likely that intestinal wall be perforated by fingers. This will result invariably in fatality.