VSR 421: Regional Veterinary Surgery (2+1)

CONGENITAL AFFECTIONS

Prognathism

• When the mandible is longer than the maxilla It is identified by oral examination wherein the lower jaw incisors are longer and rostral to the maxillary incisors.
• The condition is called pig mouth.

 Brachygnathism

• It is manifested when mandible is shorter than the maxilla and upon oral examination the upper jaw is much longer than the lower jaw the upper incisors overhang the lower ones. This condition is also called parrot mouth

Craniofacial Dysplasia

• It is characterized by convex profile of the nose, shorter lower jaw, deficient ossification of frontal sutures, exophthalmos and large tongue in Limousin breed of cattle.
• It is due to homozygosity through a recessive gene.