VGO 511: Veterinary Andrology and Reproductive Techniques (1+1)

RECTOVAGINAL METHOD

This method was introduced by Larson in 1938 at Denmark. In this method the semen is deposited at internal os or body of the uterus.

• The operator or inseminator should have good knowledge about the anatomy and physiopathology of the reproductive tract to get higher conception rate.
  • It is more effective and widely used.
  • This rectovaginal method is performed in animals in standing position.
  • The animal should be restrained in a service crate.
  • The perineal region of the animal should be washed with running tap water to remove the dung and dirts. The water should be wiped off.
  • The inseminators hand is covered with disposable rubber sleeve.
  • The lubrication is done with non-irritant soap and the hand is passed into the rectum.
  • The excessive dung inside the rectum is removed. But complete removal is not advisable because a minimum level of dung is essential for better operation.
  • Frequent removal of hand from the rectum while removing dung also should be avoided bacause it will lead to ballooning of the rectum.
  • The vulval lips are carefully wiped with cotton to remove all the dung.
  • The cervix is grasped with gloved hand and the external os is located.
  • If the external os is hard to locate, the cervix may be hold by the fingers and the thumb is placed over the external os.
  • The vulval lips are widened apart by an attender and the insemination catheter/gun is passed inside the vulval lips at it is carried forward towards cervix. If the vaginal folds are interfering in taking the catheter the cervix is pushed forward to clear the passage.
  • The catheter/gun is placed on the external os of cervix and it is passed into the cervix.
  • The cervix will have annular rings which will cause the cervix somewhat spiral in nature.
  • The catheter is taken through annular rings by gently manipulating cervix and catheter.
  • The semen is deposited in the inetrnal os of cervix or in body of uterus.
  • Semen is expelled slowly to avoid sperm loss in the catheter.
  • A common error is to penetrate the catheter beyond the body of the uterus into the uterine horns.

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Advantages of rectovaginal technique of insemination

• Deposition of semen at proper site is ensured without loss of semen

• Chance of infection are minimized and fertility rate is high compared to speculam method.
• Injury/bleeding caused while using speculum is avoided in this method
• Estrum is confirmed while examining the animal per rectum
• Inseminating pregnant animal is also avoided because the rectal palpation of genital organs rules out pregnacy.

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