Clinical Examination

 CLINICAL EXAMINATION
  • General health : Eyes - good vision
  • Teeth - normal for age
  • External physical deformities
  • Signs of foot and mouth affection
  • General body growth
  • General confirmation: Any sign of masculine appearance
  • Note the triple wedge

Confirmation of External genetation

  • Changes in the vulva and the pelvic diaphram (which is formed by sacro tuberous and sacroschiatic ligaments, coccygenus and retractor ani muscles.

Physiological alteration

  •  There is relaxation of vulva and pelvic diaphragm during the last trimester of pregnancy. This becomes more marked during the last 10-14 days before parturition.
  •  Relaxation and edema of vulva is observed during peak of estrus period.

Pathological alteration

  •  Extreme relaxation of the pelvic diaphragm and a relaxed engorged vulva is observed in animals with cystic ovarian follicles.
  •  Swelling of the vulva with edema seen in vulvo vaginitis.

Discharge from the vulva

Physiological

  •  Clear mucous discharge observed in late proestrus and estrus 
  •  Metestrual bleeding - reddish mucoid discharge 
  •  Reddish discharge. Combination of blood elements and detritus of endometrium referred to as lochia observed in post parturient cows.

Pathological

  •  Discharge containing pus indicates presence of purulent inflammation of the tract.

Appearance of the udder

  • Udder size
  • Shape
  • Teeth size and position
  • Edema and enlargement of udder are found in the immediate preparturient and post parturient periods.
  • A small regressing udder,  in non-pregnancy – Suggests breeding failures.

Examination

  • Rectal Examination

Cervix

Uterus

  • Size 
  • Position 
  • Texture

Fallopian tubes

  •  Palpable / not palpable

Ovaries : presence of follicle/Cl/cyst etc

  • Right 
  • Left

Vaginal Examination

  • colour of  the mucous membrane
  • colour and  the nature of discharge.

Scheduling reproductive examination

  • Stage I - Immediate post partum period
  • Stage II - Examination at two weeks post partum
  • Stage III - Examination at 30 days post partum
  • Stage IV - Examination at 45 to 60 days
  • Stage V & VI - Repeat breeding and pregnancy examination
Last modified: Saturday, 12 November 2011, 11:42 AM