Fundamentals of Food Technology

I) Monosaccharides

Monosaccharides

Hexoses (C6H12O6)

• Hexoses are divided into 2 groups
 
• a) Aldoses are sugars containing aldehyde group.
• eg: glucose, galactose and mannose
• b) Ketoses are sugars containing a ketone group
• eg: fructose
Glucose (Dextrose) – (Blood glucose)

• Glucose serves as the main source of energy in the body.
• Normal human blood contains about 80-100 mg of glucose per 100ml of blood.
This level is maintained constantly in healthy subjects.
Fructose (Levulose, fruit sugar)

• Fructose occurs in the free state along with glucose in many fruits (2-5 per cent) and honey (30-40 per cent).
• It is utilised by the body as a source of energy.
Galactose :

• It does not occur in the free state but occurs as a constitute of lactose present in milk.