Water has the chemical formula H2O: one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom.
The major chemical and physical properties of water are:
Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at standard temperature and pressure
Since oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, water is a polar molecule. The oxygen has a slight negative charge while the hydrogens have a slight positive charge giving the article a strong effective dipole moment.
The dipolar nature contributes to water molecules' tendency to form hydrogen bonds which cause water's cohesive properties
Covalent bonds (electron pair is shared) between oxygen and hydrogen atoms with a bond angle of 104.5o.
Oxygen atom is more electronegative that hydrogen atom --> electrons spend more time around oxygen atom than hydrogen atom --> result is a POLAR covalent bond.
Creates a permanent dipole in the molecule.
Can determine relative solubility of molecules “like dissolves like”.
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