Community Nutrition

COMMUNITY NUTRITION 3 (1+2)

Lesson 10 : Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA)

Types of Anemia

1. Hypochromic and microcytic: If there is an insufficiency of iron for the formation of haemoglobin , the red blood corpuscles are pale and small and the anemia is said to be Hypochromic and microcytic.


2. Megaloblastic anemia: Vit B12 and folic acid are coenzymes in the DNA synthetic path way. Vit A deficiencies are impairment in utilization results in damage or inadequate synthesis of DNA. The synthesis of RNA and protein is unaffected. So there is cytoplasmic enlargement, not matched by DNA synthesis which appears to delay or block mitotic division. Thus there appears to be asynchronism between cytoplasmic maturation and nuclear maturation. If the maturation of red blood corpuscles in the bone marrow is impaired by lack of folate or vit B 12, the cells which enter the blood stream are irregular in size and shape but usually larger than normal and contain their full complement of haemoglobin. This anemia is also known as arthochromic macrocyate.


3. Dimorphic: If both iron and either folate are Vit B 12 are deficient, it gives raise to Hypochromic macrocytic or dimorphic anemia.