Metabolic Aberrations are proportional to percentage of the body surface burned and depth of burns. Loss of plasma volume requires replacement of fluids and electrolytes, proper resuscitation restores body homeostasis.
Hormonal There is increased catecholamine production which has a marked effect on the different body systems glucocorticoids also increase leading to alterations in carbohydrate and protein metabolism. The ratio of glucagons to insulin increases and causes hyperglycemia and catabolism.
Biochemical There is increased gluconeogenesis and proteolysis. There is an acute reduction in lipolysis and ketone body utilization.
Immunological changes The protective skin barrier is lost in burns and this together with nutrient deficits, increases the frequency of infections. Infection is responsible for a majority of morbidity and mortality and it often precipitates malnutrition.
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