Surgery and Radiology Section

POSTURE

• Abnormalities in posture may be noticed while the history is being recorded.

Head

• Head tilt (or) twist to one side.

Trunk

• Abnormal posture of trunk may be associated with congenital (or) acquired lesion.

Limbs

• Abnormal posture of limb includes improper positioning and increased (or) decreased extensor tone.
• Wide based stance is common to all forms of ataxia, including cerebella and vestibular ataxia, abnormal conscious proprioception and generalized weakness.
• The lower motor neuron (LMN) and upper motor neuron (UMN) lesions may cause the animal may stand with a foot knuckled over.