Systematic Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology

Classification

CLASSIFIACTION

• The clostridia can be divided into four major groups according to the kind of disease they produce. They are as follows.
• The Histotoxic clostridia causes a variety of tissue (often muscle) infections frequently following wounds or other trauma (eg).

C. chauvoei	Cattle, sheep (pigs)	Black quarter (Black leg)
C. septicum	Cattle Sheep Chicken	Malignant edema B raxy Necrotic dermatitis
C. novyi type A	Sheep Cattle and Sheep	Big head of rams Gas gangrene
Type B	Sheep (Cattle)	Black disease (necrotic hepatitis)
Type C	Water buffaloe	Osteomyelitis

• Hepatotoxic clostridia produces their toxins in the liver, thus resulting in the disease Bacillary haemoglobinuria and Black disease (Eg.).

C. haemolyticum ( C. novyi type D)	Cattle, (sheep)	Bacilliary haemoglobinuria
C.sordellii	Cattle, Sheep, Horses	Gas gangrene
C. colinum	Birds	Quail disease,Ulcerative enteritis
C. piliforme	foals, laboratory animals Calves, dogs and cats	foals, laboratory animals Calves, dogs and cats

• The Enterotoxigenic clostridium produces mainly enterotoxaemia and food poisoning although they are occasionally histotoxic (Eg).

C. perfringens ( C.welchii ) Type A	Humans Lambs Broiler chickens	Food poisoning, gas gangrene Enterotoxaemic Jaundice (Yellow lambs disease) Necrotic enteritis
C. perfringens (C.welchii ) Type B	Lambs (Under 3 weeks old)	Lamb dysentery
C. perfringens ( C.welchii ) Type C	Piglets, lambs, calves and foals Broiler chickens Adult sheep and goat	Haemorrhagic enterotoxaemia(Clostridial enteritis) Necrotic enteritis Struck
C. perfringens (C.welchii ) Type D	Sheep(except neonates)	Pulpy kidney disease
C. perfringens (C.welchii ) Type E	Calves and lambs	Enterotoxaemia

• The Neurotoxic clostridia cause the disease by the production of the potent exotoxins (Neurotoxins) (eg.)

C. tetani	Tetanus
C. botulinum	Botulism