Veterinary Preventive Medicine-II

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

• No successful treatment. Antibiotics given to avoid or prevent secondary bacterial complications
• Best way to control this disease is to prevent contact between infected animals and seronegative animals.
• Since the virus is latent in seropositive animals, they should be identified and eliminate them from the herd
• Good hygiene, management and isolation do not seem control the disease adequately
• Most control efforts are based on vaccination. The best practice is to vaccinate females kept for breeding once or twice prior to their first breeding with modified live virus vaccines or inactivated vaccine. Age of vaccination – calves after 5 months of age. Immunity develops within 10-14 days.
• Live vaccines induce a relatively rapid immune response comprising both humoral and cell-mediated responses, including mucosal immunity that resembles a natural infection.
• Live attenuated vaccine administered through intramuscular or intranasal route, but modified live virus (MLV) vaccines contraindicated in pregnant cows because MLV have the property of abortigenicity. In outbreaks- intranasal route selected. Vaccine may be instilled into one or two nostrils.
• Killed vaccines are administered by intramuscular route. Primary and secondary inoculation should be given four weeks apart followed by booster inoculations annually.