Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition

Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition 3(2+1)

Lesson 29:Diabetes – causes, symptoms

Aetiology and comparative features of IDDM and NIDDM

Factor	IDDM	NIDDM
Age of onset	Juvenile	Maturity
Sex	M:F= 1:1	M>F (India)
Incidence
Genetic locus	Chromosome 6 (HLA class II genes)	Chromosome 11 (mutation of glucokinase gene)
Environmental factors
	Infections:Triggering of autoimmune reaction of islets due to coxsackie	Life style: obesity
	Acute stress: Physical injury, surgery and emotional distress	Abdominal fat: high waist/hip ratio
	Diet: Wheat and milk proteins	Pregnancy: increased placental hormones
	Immunological factors: auto immune disease	Insulin resistance: due to abnormal insulin molecule