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The following table shows the existence of different types of pollution in different districts of A.P.
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S.No
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District
|
Subject
|
Problems
|
|
1
|
Karimnagar, Khammam
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Mining, thermal, power projects
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Air pollution in winter availability of free coal for domestic purpose fly ash problems
|
|
2
|
Adilabad
|
Cement industry
|
Dust pollution, and polluted water paper mill.
|
|
3
|
Warangal
|
Tanneries
|
Pollution from hexavalent paper mill chromium cause cancer
|
|
4
|
Nizamabad
|
Sugar, distilleries
|
Water pollution; foul odour
|
|
5
|
Ranga Reddy, Medak
|
Pharmaceuticals, textile mill, electroplating
|
Pollution of air, water; foul odour; a variety of wastes; dirty water
|
|
6
|
Mahaboobnagar, Hyderabad
|
Rice mills, tanneries, tobacco industry, edible oils
|
Paddy husk wastes cause problems of storage and transport; odour
|
|
7
|
Kurnool
|
Caustic soda, edible oil, limestone, cement mines
|
Pollution of air & water; dust; harmful products; silicosis
|
|
8
|
Anantapur
|
Castings, edible oils
|
Pollution from dust, air pollution; stone dust
|
|
9
|
Cuddapah, Guntur, Kurnool, Nalagonda
|
Mines, cement, rock dust, plastics and byrates
|
Water pollution; mining wastes
|
|
10
|
Chittoor
|
Distilleries, sugar, lead batteries
|
Waste water, odour, air pollution, tanneries
|
|
11
|
West Godavari
|
Fisheries, sugar distilleries, Agro – based industries
|
Organic loads, groundwater pollution
|
|
12
|
East Godavari
|
Rice and paper mills, agro – industries
|
Contaminated
|
|
13
|
Krishna, Nellore, Prakasham
|
Sugar, fertilizers, distelleries
|
Odour
|
|
14
|
Visakhapatnam
|
Petroleum products, zinc
|
Air, water, land pollution
|
|
15
|
Vijayanagaram
|
Sugar, chemicals
|
Water pollution
|
|
16
|
Srikakulam
|
Cashewnuts andpharmaceuticals
|
Air pollution
|
- Air Pollutants’ sources and effects on humans:
|
S.No.
|
Source
|
Production
|
Effects on humans
|
|
1
|
Arsenic
|
Combustion of coal, sulfides in phosphates, and mineral processing
|
Gastro-intestinal disorders when limits are exceeded, cancer in lower limits.
|
|
2
|
Beryllium
|
Combustion of coal, nuclear fuel combustion and from rocket fuels
|
Damage to lungs on prolonged contact
|
|
3
|
Cadmium
|
Wastes, electroplating, zinc collagen, and wastes from all products.
|
Can cause hypertension and osteoporosis when present in small quantities.
|
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4
|
Lead
|
Leaded petrol, paints
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Nausea, causes stammering even when present in small quantities, excess causes brain damage.
|
|
5
|
Mercury
|
Electro-chemical industry and chemical pesticides used in agriculture
|
In excess, it damages brain
|
|
Physical
|
Heat
|
Loss of slats in the body and affects the skin
|
|
|
Cold
|
Affects the skin
|
|
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Radiation
|
Cancer, leukemia, anemia
|
|
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Noise
|
Deafness (partial or total)
|
|
Mechanical
|
|
Injuries
|
|
Chemical
|
Coal dust
|
Anthrochosis, nemochosis
|
|
|
Stone dust
|
Silicosis
|
|
|
Asbestos dust
|
Lung cancer
|
|
|
Iron
|
Siderocis
|
|
|
Sawdust
|
Bogocis
|
|
|
Cotton dust
|
Becinosis
|
|
|
Tobacco
|
Tobaccosis
|
|
Biological
|
|
Leptostirosis, Tetanus Encephalitis Fungal diseases
|
|
Mental and Social
|
|
Heart attack, Blood presure, stomach ulcers
|
|
Sl.No.
|
Pollutants
|
Health Problems
|
|
1
|
Carbon dioxide
|
Numbness, headaches, and palpitations
|
|
2
|
Sulfur oxide
|
Dryness of the respiratory tract, asthma, allergies
|
|
3
|
Oxide of nitrogen
|
Asthma, respiratory tract infections
|
|
4
|
Hydrocarbons
|
Lung cancer
|
|
5
|
Lead
|
Harms the brain and causes mental retardation in children
|
|
6
|
Carbon dioxide
|
Cardiac problems and burning sensation in eyes
|
|
7
|
Benzene
|
Cancer
|
|
8
|
Mercury
|
Irritability, loss of memory, insomnia, shivering
|
|
9
|
Presence of ozone in air and on land
|
Respiratory diseases
|
|
Sl.No.
|
Pollutant
|
Origin
|
Disease caused
|
|
1
|
Sulphur dioxide
|
When coal and oil are fired
|
Chest diseases, headaches, vomiting, respiratory problems and death
|
|
2
|
Nitrogen oxides
|
From coal – fired vehicles
|
Respiratory problems caused by entry of dust into the lungs
|
|
3
|
Hydrogen sulfide
|
Refineries; chemical industries; and burning other fuels
|
Burning in the throat and eyes
|
|
4
|
Carbon monoxide
|
Burning coal, emissions from motor vehicles
|
Reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
|
|
5
|
Hydrogen cyanide
|
Blast furnaces; chemical and metal plating
|
Nervous disorders; dry throats and impaired vision, headache
|
|
6
|
Ammonia
|
Burning materials; aniline dye-manufacture; fertilizer industry
|
Respiratory tract infection with cough, burning sensation and edema
|
|
7
|
Phosphogen or carbon chloride
|
Manufacture of dyes, chemical or non-chemical
|
Burning sensation in larynx and nostrils
|
|
8
|
Aldehydes
|
Vapourisation of oil; steaming of fats and glycerine
|
Destruction of red blood corpuscles; damage to kidneys leading to Hepatities
|
|
9
|
Arsenics
|
Arsenic soldering and iron or acids
|
|
|
10
|
Suspended
Particulate Matter
(ash, dust)
|
Cotton manufacturing industry
|
Emphysema, burning sensation in eyes and cancer
|
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Participants