Prior to the introduction of modern flush toilets, most human waste disposal took place outdoors in outhouses or latrines
A toilet is a plumbing fixture primarily intended for the disposal of human excreta: urine and fecal matter.
There are two basic types of modern toilets: the dry toilet and the flush toilet. The dry toilet needs no plumbing for water input or evacuation, but is often coupled with a ventilation system.
The most common type of toilet in modern cities is the flush toilet, in which water discharges the waste into sewers.
In cities & large towns where underground drainage is constructed the WC's can be flushed with water & remain from noxious smells they could be built close to, or even inside, the house. Still they should be separated from the adjoining rooms by means of a small lobby or at least a blind wall.
In country districts and small towns where there is no underground drainage facility, but has ample space around buildings, either leach-pit earth closets, or water closets combined with septic tanks are very suitable.
Western Toilet
with cistern
Indian toilet
The requirements septic tank is that there must be an open space of at least 10' to 15' x 50' (depending upon the nature of the sub - soil) available near the house
Minimum space required for a WC is 3’x 4' and if a lavatory basin & a shaving mirror is to be provided in addition, the minimum size should be 4' x 5'. However this makes the toilet room very cramped.
Strictest privacy is required in these rooms not only in respect of sight but also of sound.
Artificial lights provided inside the bath & WC should not be direct, but diffused by constructing means of an opaque glass covered.
Participants