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SCLERA
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Covering of the eye – Protective in function, Tough in nature.
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CORNEA (stratified squamous)
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Transparent Structure, anterior modification of sclera.
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CHOROID
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Vascular and Pigmented area of sclera in its posterior part.
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RETINA
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Innerside of choroid, has PHOTORECEPTORS.
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DARK PIGMENT
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Animal with day light vision, to absorb light which has to pass receptor without stimulating, present between CHOROID and PHOTORECEPTORS.
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TAPETUM
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Causes nightshine in nocturnal animal by reflecting the light viz REFLECTING PIGMENT. (allows use of optimum light by retina)
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LENS
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Causes accomadation, made up of elastic capsule filled with jelly like substance, suspended by suspensory ligament.
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SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT
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Muscular structure connecting lens and ciliary body.
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CILIARY BODY
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Convexity of the lens is altered to focus the images of varying distance and is achieved by ciliary muscles and its contraction increases convexity and focusses near objects.
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ANTERIOR CHAMBER
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Between CORNEA and LENS
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POSTERIOR CHAMBER
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Between IRIS and Suspensory Ligament
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AQUEOUS HUMOR
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clear watery fluid, from ciliary processes of ciliary body in the posterior chamber, flows through PUPIL to anterior chamber. Absorbed into veins, passes through CORNEA and IRIS. Accumulation of aqueous humor due to obstruction in absorption causes increased intraoccular pressure viz GLAUCOMA.
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IRIS
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Diaphragm separating Anterior and Posterior chambers. Pigmented structure has dilator and constrictor muscles (smooth)
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PUPIL
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Hole in the Iris, whose diameter can be modified by smooth muscles and allows the varying intensity of light to strike retina
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VITREOUS HUMOR
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HYDROGEL with mucopolysaccharide, hyaluronic acid and collagen fibers filling the chamber behind IRIS, nourishes retina.
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NEURAL RETINA
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Present behind vitreous humour.
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OPTIC DISK
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Area where axons of retinal ganglia passes to brain. Has optic nerve (cranial nerve), arteries and veins. Nutrition of retina is taken care by CHOROID VESSELS.
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LACRIMAL GLANDS
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Production of tears from this, near lateral canthus. Parasympathetic stimulation ends in tears and are drained into nose by NASO-LACRIMAL DUCT.
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NICTITATING MEMBRANE
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3 EYE LID, Present in medial carithus, protects eye and also produce tears.
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HARDERIAN GLANDS
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Lacrimal gland, absent in carnivores, found in birds and mammals.
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