VPT 311: General and Systemic Veterinary Pharmacology (2+1)

PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

• Vitamins are essential nutrients present in minute quantities in foods. If there is a deficiency in supply of vitamins, deficiency diseases occur. In such a scenario, supplementation of vitamins is indicated.

Fat soluble vitamins

Vitamin	Deficiency signs	Treatment
A	Keratinization of epithelium, night blindness, fetal resorption, low egg prduction, poor hatchability	Farm animals: 100 - 200 units /kg / day Poultry: 0.07 - 0.22 gm / kg feed
D	Rickets in young and osteomalacia in adults	Farm animals: 50 - 100 IU / kg / day Dog: 200 - 400IU / kg / day Chicks - 150 - 300 IU / kg / day
E	Muscular dystrophy in young and white muscle disease or stiff lamb disease in cattle	All young stock 40 mg / kg / day PO; 25 mg / kg / day Sc or IM Oral Swine 500 mg; Dog 30 mg /kg and poultry 350 mg / bird/ day
K	Delayed clotting, spontanous haemorrhage	Menadione / Menaphthone For warfarin pisoning 5 mg / kg IM For Sweet clover poisoning1.2 mg /kg IM For deficiency: Small animals 2 - 10 mg / day PO Large Animals : 100-400 mg / day PO Poultry 1 -2 gm / ton of feed