VMD 511: Animal Welfare, Ethics and Jurisprudence (2+0)

FRAUDS IN THE SALE OF LIVESTOCK

• Alteration of description
  • The description of the animal is altered in case it has been stolen or there are signs which are unsound. Alteration of description is done in the following ways.
    • Castration of entire
    • Clipping of mane and tail
    • Docking
    • Colouring of white patches by hair dye
• Bishoping
  • By this method animals are made to appear younger. It is done by making small holes in the table of incisors and filling them with some black substance such as marking nut. Air is also blown under the skin of supra orbital fossa of the animals. The chronic ulcers and fistulae are often covered with coloured mud. Frauds in the sale of livestock are punishable under Section 420 I.P.C.
  • I.P.C. Section 420 whoever cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine.
  • Comment:- Simple cheating is punishable under section 417. But where there is delivery or destruction of any property or alteration or destruction of any valuable security resulting from the act of the person deceiving, this section comes into operation.