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Suspected Poison
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Required material in order of importance
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Remarks
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Antimony
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Liver, thyroid, kidney, urine, stomach and gut contents, milk.
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Arsenic (acute)
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Liver, Kidneys, stomach and gut contents, urine, feed
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Arsenic (chronic)
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Hair, liver, urine, spleen.
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Alkaloids
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Liver, urine, brain, stomach and gut contents.
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Ammonia
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Whole blood or serum, urine, rumen contents.
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Send frozen samples. In rumen contents, may add 1-2 drops of saturated HgCl3
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Babiturates
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Blood, brain, liver, adipose tissue.
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Cadmium
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Kidney, liver, hair
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Copper
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Liver, blood, kidney, faeces, urine.
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Cyanide (HCN)
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Stomach and gut contents, liver, muscles, oxalated blood, brain, suspected feed.
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Rush to laboratory in frozen air tight container. HCN in liver decreases rapidly, so many times muscle gives good result. After oral intoxication, concentration of HCN is more in rumen than blood.
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Fluorides
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Altered parts of bone, teeth, urine, stomach contents, liver, kidney, feed and/or drinking water.
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Insecticides (chlorinated)
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Fat, liver, stomach contents brain.
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Use only glass containers.
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Insecticides (Organophosphorus)
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Oxalated blood, whole blood, liver, stomach and gut contents.
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Do not use EDTA
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Lead (acute)
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Kidneys, liver, bone, faeces, urine.
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Lead (chronic)
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Hair, liver, kidneys, bone, faeces, urine.
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Molybdenum
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Feed, liver, kidneys, altered organs (bone), hair.
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The feed is determined for its Mo, Cu contents. Liver contains low amount of copper.
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Nitrate and nitrite
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Stomach and gut contents, whole blood, urine, suspected feed.
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Should be deposited soon as both nitrate and nitrite alter rapidly and escape detection.
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Oxalates
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Fresh forage, kidneys.
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Do not macerate, freeze, fixed in formalin.
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Phenol and cresol
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Liver, stomach and gut contents, kidneys
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Phosphide
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Stomach and gut contents, suspected material (grain, flour etc).
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Dispatch as soon as possible as phosphide breaks down rapidly and hydrogen phosphide produced may escape.
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Phosphorous
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Stomach and gut contents, liver, oxalated blood, altered organs (lung), vomitus, faeces.
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Rodenticides
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Stomach contents, liver, urine.
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Selenium
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Stomach contents, liver, urine.
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Sodium chloride
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Oxalated and whole blood, brain.
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Sodium fluoroacetate
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Stomach contents, liver.
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Strychnine
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Stomach and gut contents, urine, liver, kidney and brain.
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Urea
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Feed, stomach contents
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Send frozen samples. In rumen contents, add 1-2 drops of saturated HgCl3
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Warfarin (also other anticogulants
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Whole blood, liver, feed.
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Zinc
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Liver, kidney, pancreas, faeces, bone (humerus)
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Zinc phosphide
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Liver, gastric contents, feed.
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Dispatch as soon as possible as phosphide breaks down rapidly and hydrogen phosphide produced may escape.
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Participants