Principles of Genetics and Breeding

2.1.15 Punnet square

In genetics, for convenience of study, Punnet square, also referred to as Chi-squares or checker boards are used to determine the possible results of various crosses. A gamete is represented by its ‘factor’ (gene) under consideration. The gametes formed by the female are shown across and those formed by the male are shown along the side of the square. The checker board has the equal number of squares in horizontal and vertical lines according to the number of gametic combinations of hybrid.