- India has been a major exporter of spices from the time immemorial. Initially, the trade of export was mostly confined in black peeper, cumin and cardamom, but later covered a number of spices. India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices in the world. India exported- about 2 19 lakh tonnes of spices worths Rs. 1180 crores during 1996-97. Only 6-7% of total production of spices is exported to different countries from India During October, ? a total quantity of 18500 tonnes of spices valued Rs. 135.5 crores has been exported. PL.ADD 2009 – 10 DATA Black pepper continues to be the major item of spices (25%) exported followed by seed spices (10%), turmeric (6%) and garlic (1.7%).
- Black pepper is the largest among the commodities so far exported from India. India exported around 28% of black pepper produced during 2000-2001. 2009-10 ? Demand for black pepper and its product in the world market is increasing at the rate of 3.2% per annum. The major countries where Indian pepper is exported are United States, Russia, Italy, Canada and United Kingdom. On an average 50% of total production of Indian black pepper is exported to United States. India exported about 25480 tonnes of black pepper worths Rs. 8317 lakhs during the year 1992-93. But in the year 2000- 2001 2009 - 10? it was about 19250 tonnes and Rs. 32633 crores, respectively. 2009 -10?
- India had been the largest producer and exporter of small
- cardamom in the international market till the early eighties for earning valuable foreign exchange for the nation. But recently Guatemala has emerged as the top producer and exporter of cardamom sharing 90% of the world export. India's share in the world market has comedown from 60% during 1986-86 to about 3% in 1996-97. 2009-10? The low cost of production, higher productivity and low price iii the international market compared to Indian cardamom are the factors which contributed to cardamom export scenario favourable for Guatemala.
- Indian small cardamom is exported to the countries like Pakistan, Japan and U.A.E. India exported about 1100 tonnes of small cardamom which is worth Rs. 5655 crores, during 2000-2001. 2009-10? In the total spices exported earnings, chilli contributed to about 13%. Indian chilli is exported to over 90 countries. Major importer countries of Indian chilli are United States, Mexico, United Kingdom, Singapore, South Africa and Srilanka. During 1996-97, India produced about 9.45 lakh tonnes of chilli (dry) over an area of 9.56 lakh hectares of land throughout the country.
- The targeted production is 11.5 lakh tonnes during 1998-99 and this is expected to reach 15 lakh tonnes by 2000. 2009-10? The world demand is also going up. The estimated world export of chilli is about one lakh tonnes which is 22.2% of the total world import of spices. India exports only 2.75%- 7.5% of the total production of chilli. Pesticides residues arid detection of aflatoxins are issues affecting chilli exports from India. Through proper drying technique, aflatoxins levels can be brought below tolerable limits. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies are available to minimize the residues in chilli. India exported about 61000 tonnes of chilli worths Rs. 19523.5 crores during 2000-2001. 2009-10?
- India has the largest area (63,000 hectares) under ginger cultivation with production of only 1.97 lakh tonnes. It is mainly grown in Kerala, Assam, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh. The productivity of ginger is the lowest (2.94 tonnes/hectare) in India YEAR ? while it is 7.47 tonnes/hectare in Philippines and 6.2 tonnes/hectare in Srilanka. The reasons for low productivity are thin spread of high yielding varieties and incidence of rhizome rot and bacterial wilt. The world demand is projected at 2.3 lakh tonnes by 2000. 2009-10?
- The global trade looks to India for its supply. "Cochin ginger" of India is still a valued item of export. India exports ginger to the countries like Pakistan, U.A.E., United States, Morocco and Saudi Arabia. India exported about 6580 tonnes of ginger to the foreign countries which was worth Rs. 2295 crores during 2000-2001.
- Turmeric of India has tremendous demand in the market of foreign countries. India was the largest producer (4.35 lakh tonnes) and exporter (24900 tonnes) of turmeric during 1996-97. The yellow colouring chemical 'Curcumin' is gaining wider use in the food industry, pharmaceuticals, in preservatives and in health and body care. The Alleppey Finger Turmeric (AFT) with a curcumin content of more than 5.5% is in great demand in abroad. India exports turmeric to the foreign countries like U.A.E. Iran, Japan, Bangladesh and South Africa. India exported about 6580 tonnes of turmeric worths Rs. 2296 crores during 2000-2001. 2009-10?
- India is the largest seed spice producing country in the world, and its entry as a major exporter in the world is quite indisputable because of its intrinsic qualities and stability in supply. Seed spices like coriander, cumin, fennel, fenugreek and aniseed, etc. together contributed 22.6% of the total export earnings during 2000-2001. 2009-10? Seed spices exporting countries are Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Indonesia, United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Nepal, U.A.E., Japan and Germany. India exported about 11700 tonnes of coriander, 13800 tonnes of cumin, 4000 tonnes of fennel and 9050 tonnes of fenugreek during 2000-2001.
- The market for value-added spices has been growing steadily. India is a global player in the spice oils and oleoresins industry. With the repeated use of spice oils and oleoresins in soft drinks, hamburgers, hot dogs, pizzas and in ethnic foods, the demand for Indian spice oils and oleoresins is bound to increase. India started to export value-added spices from a negligible quantity worths Rs. 1.41 lakhs in the year of 1971-72, during 1995-96, India exported 1912 tonnes of spice oils and oleoresin worths Rs. 38648 lakh during 2001-02
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