Insect Pests of Fruit, Plantation, Medicinal & Aromatic Crops (2+1)

History

• The term pest management comparatively new, although the ideas from which it is derived have been developed over many decades.
  
1. In the late 19th century, S.A. Forbes of the University of Illinois suggested an ecological approach and combinations of control measures for insect control.
2. The value of monitoring pest population by sampling was realized by the early 20th century.
   
3. During the 1940s R.F.Smith developed an outline of Supervised control in California.
   
4. B.R. Bartlett in 1956 coined the term integrated control.
   
5. Shortly after word V.M.Stern R.F.Smith, R.Van den Bosch and K.S.Hagen published on article on the integrated control concept.
   
6. In 1961, the Australian entomologists, P.W.Geier and L.R. Clark coined the pharse Pest Management for programmes in which control methods fit into the biology of the pest species.
   
7. Johanson 1978 in his article Principles of insect control has outlined a brief summary of the concepts on which pest management is based. 8) Brader (1979) quoted most suitable definition.
   
• “Pest management is a system that, in the context of the associated environment and the population dynamics of the pest species, utilizes all suitable techniques and methods in on compatible manner as possible and maintains pest populations of level below those causing economic injury”.