Veterinary Clinical Medicine-I (General and Systemic)

SIMPLE INDIGESTION

Causes 

• Dietary abnormalities of minor degree like
  • Indigestible Roughage, particularly when protein intake is low,
  • Moldy, overheated and frosted
  • Moderate excesses of grain and concentrate intake.
  • Prolonged or Heavy oral dosing with antimicrobials

Primary atony

• Dietary abnormalities
• Increase or decrease pH of the contents:
• Accumulation of indigestible food
• Putrefaction of protein Production of toxic amides and amines - histamine

Clinical findings

• Reduction in appetite
• Milk yield is reduced to a lesser extent.
• Mild depression and dullness.
• Rumination ceases and depressed ruminal movements - in frequency and amplitude
• Rumen larger than normal  with mild abdominal pain and Discomfort
• Moderate tympany with doughy rumen 
• Dry Feces and quantity reduced. 24 hrs later feces are softer and voluminous and malodorous.
• No systemic reaction. 
• Spontaneously recovery or with simple treatment

Clinical Pathology

• Urine: ketone, SAT and cellulosed digestion test, pH test are done in rumen fluid.
• DD : Acetonemia, TRP, Acidosis, LDA, RDA, Abomasal volvulus, vagal indigestion, phytobezoars, secondary ruminal atony
• Treatment
  • Most cases recover spontaneously.
  • Feeding of good quality palatable hay
  • Rumenatorics: containing nux vomica, ginger and tartar emetic in powder form.
  • Parasympathomimetics:  
  • Caramylcholine chloride, physostigmine and neostigmine are used. Neostigmine @ 2.5 mg/45 kg BW used.
  • Metoclopromide :  for hypomotility associated with vagal nerve damage.
  • Epsom salts 0.5 to 1.0 kg/ adult cow
  • Magnesium hydroxide @ 400g/ adult cow in acidic conditions
  • Acetic acid or vinegar 5- 10 l in rumen alkalinity.
  • Reconstition of ruminal microflora