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For cost estimation the total construction project is broken down into different sections, which can be referred as components. For cost estimation component format can be used. Components are basic parts of construction or groups of building systems performing a specific function or functions. Construction costs are segregated by components for comparison and analysis. The various components of a building and the details of work under each components are presented below
- Foundations
- Basement excavation, from general site subgrade to subgrade for lowest floor, and disposal of excavated material or backfill.
- All necessary means of temporaily supporting sides of excavation and removal of ground water including permanent drain fields.
- All supporting members driven into or resting on ground including any necessary excavation, backfill, removal of surplus, temporary supports and reinforcing.
- Pile caps and tie beams, which are not part of a floor system
- Vertical structure
- All coloumns, pilasters or hangers with the roughest finish acceptable as structurally sound.
- All load bearing retaining shear walls or bracing, rough structural finish only
- Necessary fireproofing.
- Floor and Roof Structure
- Floor slabs on grade including supporting rock base, sand cushion and vapor barriers.
- All beams, girders, trusses, catenary supports etc. supported by vertical structure.
- Structural framing joists, rafters, ledgers, blocking etc., sheathing and decking of all supported floors and roofs, rough structural finish only
- Necessary fireproofing
The total cost of the complete structure, including all unfinished floor or roof decks, all necessary structural sheathing and all necessary fireproofing of structural members, is included in components 1, 2 and 3.
- Exterior cladding
- Any non- structural skin, finish color or curtain wall added to the structure to enclose or finish the sides or soffits of the building .
- Any supported framing or connections required to reinforce or secure the cladding materials to the structure.
- Any insulation of the enclosing walls or soffits.
- Waterproofing or damp proofing membrane or coating added to above grade enclosing walls or soffits.
- Any furring , finish surface and minimum decoration(paint) to interior face of enclosing structural walls.
- Non structural balcony or parapet walls and railings including all finishes on both sides.
- Fascias, copings, bands, cornices, friezes, trim and exterior decoration of all sorts
- Windows and doors in exterior walls including all glazing, screens, frames, hardware and finishes.
- Screens, shades or trellises applied to the exterior face of the building.
- Roofing and waterproofing
- Waterproof membranes on floors or walls and skylighting, below grade or concrete admixtures and joint waterstops including sun slabs and protective coverings.
- Exterior or interior roofing insulation
- Exterior applied membranes and surfacing on structural decks or roofs including paving.
- All flashings and exterior rainwater gutters and downspouts.
- Skylights and roof glazing
- Roof hatches, scuttles and vents
- All caulking and sealants
The total cost of the completely weatherproofed and externally decorated enclosed building shell, including minimum finish (paint) to the inside face of enclosing walls, is included in components 1 through 5.
- Interior partitions, Doors and Glazing
- Non load bearing partitions including framing and minimum finish (paint) to both sides
- Surface treatment including furring and minimum finish to both sides of interior structural walls.
- Sound insulation in partitions
- Balustrades, rails, screens etc. used to divide spaces, including all finishes.
- All interior doors and windows including frames, hardware and finish.
- Floor, Wall and Ceiling Finishes
- Floor covering of all types over structural decks including any necessary supports, underlayments or membranes.
- Bases or skirtings including finish
- All special finishes, extra over the cost of paint, on walls and partitions, including rails and trim
- Furring and finish to all structural columns
- Finish to interior soffits of structure including suspension for ceilings and sound insulation above ceilings
- Ceiling trim or decoration of any kind
- Expansion joint covers
- Function Equipment and Specialties
- Any built in fixed shelving , cabinetry, appliances, accessories or equipment
- Protective guards, barriers, bumpers etc.
- Prefabricated compartments and accessories.
- Operable, sliding or folding room dividers or partitions
- Shelving and casework
- Cabinets and counter tops
- Chalkboards, insignia and graphics
- Light control
- Horizontal conveying and powered mechanical equipment
- Special use equipment of all types
- Stairs and Vertical Transportation
- Staircases and ramps complete including landings, finishes, balustrades and wall rails- enclosing walls.
- Elevators and moving staircases or ramps
- Dumbwaiters, book lifts and hoists rising from floor to floor
- Trash and mail chutes.
- Plumbing Systems
- All sanitary , service, laboratory and special institutional fixtures
- Wastes, soil pipes and vents to connections immediately (within 5 feet) outside the building
- Hot and cold water, gas, vacuum, special gases and fuel piping systems within the building
- Water treatment, storage and circulation, including hot water generation , within the building
- Roof and floor drains and piping
- Subsurface drainage below the building and pumps for water or sewage ejection
- Wet and dry fire stand pipes
- Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
- Heating, cooling and air cleaning equipment and controls located within the building
- Thermal storage and circulation pumps
- All piping and ductwork to distribute and retrieve steam, hot and cold water, condensation and treated air.
- Grills, louvers, dampers, supply and exhaust fans, etc.
- Unit heater, gas or electric and ventilators
- Surface heating systems
- Electric Lighting, Power and Communication
- Main service from main disconnect breaker or switch, and all switchgear, panels and transformers within the building
- All lighting fixtures, conduit wiring and power circuits
- Sound, communication and signal systems
- Emergency power generation and uninterrupted power systems
- Building and energy management control systems
- Fire Protection Systems
- Automatic fire protection sprinkler or halon systems
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Participants