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Organization is the logical arrangement of activities with in a plan. It consists of dividing responsibilities among group members and delegating authority, scheduling and synchronizing the activities. In organization the responsibility is divided among the persons involved in complication of any task for achievement of any goal. The method of assessing task is turned as “task centered organization’. If task is assigned to a person for learning it, then that is called ‘person centered organizations’.
Baker has given several levels of organizations which may be used in achieving goals. A level is one person organizing a task. Some times this is called work- simplifying. Another level is one person arranging his own efforts for the completion of several tasks he needs to do into a sequence or pattern. A mother employed outside her home is likely to be organized at this level. A third level is more complicated. It requires that the manager arrange the efforts of others who are doing the work into a pattern so that one or more tasks can be completed.
In performing the organizing function, the manager differentiates and integrates the activities of his organization. By differentiation is meant the process of departmentalization or segmentation of activities on the basis of some homogeneity. Integration is the process of achieving unity of effort among the various departments (segments or subsystems).
Gross and Crandell explains organisation as an orderly design a homemaker creates by planning and coordinating the activities of the home. They further stress that a homemaker has to organise the activities for self and for other as well.
Once the plan is ready, the required resources are sought in the step. Alternative resources or combination of resources, as per requirement of the plan will be brought together for attaining the desired goals. The responsibilities of various tasks in goal attainment will be delegated to the people involved in plan.
Organising also means that a homemaker coordinates the human and material resources of the family. It necessitates that she must organise family members, materials, tasks and time. The effectiveness of an organisation depends on the ability of the homemaker to use family resources to attain its goals. Thus, during this process, proper relationship among work, people and other resources are established and the authority and responsibility are channelised. Therefore organising is an inseparable part of managerial action.
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