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1. Policy-making
2. Implementation of policies
3. Determinative Vs Executive functions
4. Direction of human efforts
5. Main functions
6. Managerial level
7. Men-Boss relation
8. Co-ordination and control
9. Administrative Vs Technical ability
10. Expansion of functions
11. Govt. Vs Private sector
12. Illustrations
13. Static Vs dynamic
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Administration is concerned with policy-making; it determines the goals or the targets to be achieved.
Administration is not directly concerned with the implementation of policies.
Its functions are legislative and largely determinative.
It is not actively concerned with the direction of human efforts in the execution of the plan or policy.
Planning and Organising functions are involved in it.
It relates to apex or top-level management. Personnel of the top-level like the owners or the Board of Directors are in charge of it.
Administration is the master of industry, which provides the various agents of production and in lieu of this service earns profit.
Administration co-ordinates finance, production and distribution; it frames the organizational structure and exercises control over the enterprise.
It needs administrative rather than technical ability
Its functions expand at the upper level and decrease in importance at the lower levels.
The term Administration is used mostly in Government or public sector.
The following are designated as ‘Administrators’: Collector, Commissioner, Vice-Chancellor, Registrar, Minister, Income Tax and Sales Tax Officers, Chief Justice etc.
Administrator in this sphere is finite and static and is concerned with just ‘maintaining’ and not ‘improving’. It is not productive in character.
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Management is concerned with the implementation of the policy; it is not directly concerned with goal or target-fixation.
Implementation of policies framed by administration is the main task of management.
Its functions are executive and largely governing.
It is mainly concerned with the direction of human efforts in the execution of the plan and policy.
Motivating and controlling functions are involved in it.
It relates to middle and lower level management. Personnel below the top level like General Manager or Managing Director are in charge of it.
Management is the servant of administration; it gets salary or a part of the profit in lieu of its services.
It uses organization for the achievement of the targets fixed by administration.
Management requires technical ability more than administrative ability
Its functions contract at the upper level and expand at the lower levels.
Management is mostly used in the private sector.
The following are usually designated as ‘Managers’: General Manager of any Company, Managing Director of a Company, Director of Personnel Administration Department etc.
Management is dynamic and infinite and is specially concerned with giving added value to the inputs. It endeavours to improve the value of the resources entrusted to it and as such, is productive in character.
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Participants