Milling by products

MILLING BYPRODUCTS

Bran:

  • It is the outer coarse coat of the grain separated during processing. E.g. rice bran, wheat bran, maize bran.

Rice bran:

  • Rice bran is a valuable product with 12-14% of protein and 11-18% oil mostly with unsaturated fatty acids and hence it becomes rancid rapidly.
  • The oil removed rice bran is available as deoiled rice bran in the market for livestock feeding.

Rice bran

De-oiled Rice bran is fed to livestock

Wheat bran:

  • Wheat bran is an excellent food for horses with more fibre content.
  • It is laxative when mashed with warm water but tends to counteract scouring when it was given dry.
  • It is not commonly fed to pigs and poultry because of the fibrous nature and low digestibility.
 

wheat bran

Laxative, good for horse; cattle

Flour:

  • Flour is soft, finely ground meal of the grains with 16% protein and 1-1.5% crude fibre consisting primarily of gluten and starch from endosperm. E.g. corn flour.

 

CP: 16%;CF:1.5%

Gluten:

  • Gluten is a tough substance obtained after the removal of starch from flour.
  • This is not usually given as a feed to non- ruminants due to poor quality protein, bulkiness, unpalatability.
  • E.g. corn gluten

Middling:

  • A byproduct from flour milling industry comprising several grades of granular particles of bran, endosperm and germ.
  • Middlings contain 15-20% protein and deficient in calcium.

 

15-20% protein Deficient in Calcium

Grain screening:

  • Small imperfect grains, weed seeds and other foreign materials of value as a feed, separated through cleaning of grains with screen is called grain screening.
  • Nutritive value varies according to proportion of weed and foreign materials.

Polishing:

  • During rice polishing this byproduct accumulates to contain 10-15% protein, 12% fat and 3-4% crude fibre.
  • It is rich in B- complex and good source of energy.
  • Due to high fat content rancidity may occur.

 

  • CP: 12%  
  • Rich in B-Complex & Energy 

Molasses:

  • It is a byproduct produced during juice / extract prepared from selected plant material.
  • It is a concentrated water solution of sugars, hemicellulose and minerals.
  • Four varities of molasses are commonly available viz.
    • Cane molasses,
    • Beet molasses,
    • Citrus molasses and
    • Wood molasses.
  • Cane molasses is a product of sugar industry and contains 3% protein with 10% ash.
  • While Beet molasses is a product during production of beet sugar and has higher protein (6%).
  • Citrus molasses is bitter in taste with highest protein (14%) and produced when oranges or grapes are processed for juice.
  • Wood molasses is a product of paper industry with 2% protein and palatable to cattle.
  • Molasses is a good source of energy and an appetiser.
  • It reduces dustiness in ration and is very useful as binder in pellet making.
  • Molasses can be included upto 15% in cattle ration and upto 5% in poultry ration.
  • The molasses quality in terms of sweetness is indicated in Brix unit.
  • Cane molasses usually have 80.0 degree Brix unit.

Molasses 

Cane molasses – 3% CP,  

Beet molasses – 6% CP,

Citrus molasses – 14% CP,  

Wood molasses – 2% CP


Good source of energy 

Appetiser

Reduces dustiness

Binder in pellet making

Upto 15% in cattle ration

Upto 5% in poultry feed ration.


Last modified: Saturday, 27 August 2011, 12:30 PM