Bran:
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Rice bran:
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Rice bran is a valuable product with 12-14% of protein and 11-18% oil mostly with unsaturated fatty acids and hence it becomes rancid rapidly.
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The oil removed rice bran is available as deoiled rice bran in the market for livestock feeding.
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De-oiled Rice bran is fed to livestock
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Wheat bran:
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Wheat bran is an excellent food for horses with more fibre content.
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It is laxative when mashed with warm water but tends to counteract scouring when it was given dry.
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It is not commonly fed to pigs and poultry because of the fibrous nature and low digestibility.
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Laxative, good for horse; cattle
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Flour:
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CP: 16%;CF:1.5%
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Gluten:
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Gluten is a tough substance obtained after the removal of starch from flour.
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This is not usually given as a feed to non- ruminants due to poor quality protein, bulkiness, unpalatability.
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E.g. corn gluten
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Middling:
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A byproduct from flour milling industry comprising several grades of granular particles of bran, endosperm and germ.
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Middlings contain 15-20% protein and deficient in calcium.
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15-20% protein Deficient in Calcium
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Grain screening:
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Small imperfect grains, weed seeds and other foreign materials of value as a feed, separated through cleaning of grains with screen is called grain screening.
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Nutritive value varies according to proportion of weed and foreign materials.
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Polishing:
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During rice polishing this byproduct accumulates to contain 10-15% protein, 12% fat and 3-4% crude fibre.
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It is rich in B- complex and good source of energy.
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Due to high fat content rancidity may occur.
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- CP: 12%
- Rich in B-Complex & Energy
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Molasses:
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It is a byproduct produced during juice / extract prepared from selected plant material.
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It is a concentrated water solution of sugars, hemicellulose and minerals.
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Four varities of molasses are commonly available viz.
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Cane molasses,
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Beet molasses,
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Citrus molasses and
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Wood molasses.
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Cane molasses is a product of sugar industry and contains 3% protein with 10% ash.
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While Beet molasses is a product during production of beet sugar and has higher protein (6%).
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Citrus molasses is bitter in taste with highest protein (14%) and produced when oranges or grapes are processed for juice.
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Wood molasses is a product of paper industry with 2% protein and palatable to cattle.
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Molasses is a good source of energy and an appetiser.
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It reduces dustiness in ration and is very useful as binder in pellet making.
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Molasses can be included upto 15% in cattle ration and upto 5% in poultry ration.
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The molasses quality in terms of sweetness is indicated in Brix unit.
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Cane molasses usually have 80.0 degree Brix unit.
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Cane molasses – 3% CP,
Beet molasses – 6% CP,
Citrus molasses – 14% CP,
Wood molasses – 2% CP
Good source of energy
Appetiser
Reduces dustiness
Binder in pellet making
Upto 15% in cattle ration
Upto 5% in poultry feed ration.
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