LPT 312: Abattoir Practices and Animal Products Technology (1+1)

BONE MEAL

• Bone pieces of les than 2 mm size constitute bone meal.
• Sterilized bone meal a good source of phosphate supplement in livestock feed.
• Animals deprived of adequate phosphorus in feed and fodders suffer from osteophagia, osteoporosis, rickets, etc.
• Collection of desert bones and their conversion to bone meal is an economically viable proposition.
• It is also important from sanitary point of view.
• It can provide employment to very poor and illiterate people with meager means at their disposal.
• It will invariably bring about improvement in the livestock.
• It should be noted that sterilization of such bones is a must.
• The yield of bone meal is one third of that of raw bones (1:3).
• Quality of bone meal is determined by the presence of phosphorus and calcium that should ideally be present in the ratio of 1:2.
• The average composition of bone meal is
• Calcium : 30.5%
• Phosphorus : 15.5%
• Protein : 7.0%
• Fat : 1.0%
• The bones are cooked under pressure to remove the remaining blood, fat, meat and dirt.
• Then the bones are drained.
• The bones will be dry little and sterile.
• The bones are then milled in a disintegrator.

Uses of bone meal

• Used as mineral supplement in stock feeding or as phosphate fertilizer.