|
Protozoan disease
|
Causative agent
|
Symptoms
|
|
White spot disease
|
lchthyophthirius multifilis in freshwater fishes
Cryptocaryon irritans in marine fishes
|
It affects both the gills and skin. Infected fishes show the presence of small (0.5-1mm), white spots/cysts all over the fish skin.
There are no treatment methods
|
|
Neon tetra disease
|
Pleistophora hyphressobryconis
|
The organisms form cysts, which burst and release spores. The spores penetrate further and form more cysts. Finally, the spores migrate to the water and are eaten by the other fish in the pond. These spores migrate into the digestive tract, then the muscles and a new infection starts. This spores replace the muscle fibres, thus weakening the fish. Infection may result in spinal curvature, equilibrium dysfunction, weight loss, muscular paralysis, fin degeneration and death.
|
|
Trichodiniosis
|
Trichodina sp. - Ciliated protozoan
|
Typically, heavily infested fish do not eat well and lose condition. Weakened fish become susceptible to opportunistic bacterial pathogens in the water.
|
|
Chillodonellasis
|
Chillodonella sp.
|
Respiration distress, cramped fins and excessive mucus production, though death can be sudden with minimal signs of disease.
|
|
Ciliate disease
|
Epistylis
|
White or hemorrhagic lesions (redness) on the fins, jaws, gill cover, and oral cavity.
|
|
Costiasis
|
Costia sp. - Flagellate
|
Infection results in mucus secretion a condition called blue slime
|
|
Hexamitiasis (HITH disease)
|
Hexamita sp. - Flagellate
|
Hole in the head condition. It attacks the lower intestine. Physical signs of hexamitiasis include weight loss, decreased activity and anorexia. Initially small holes appear on the head with a tiny white parasite protruding. In the later stages the holes become larger as the skin is eaten away.
|
|
Oodiniasis or velvet disease
|
Protozoan dinoflagellates- Oodinium limneticum and O. pillularis in freshwater and O. ocellatum in marine fishes
|
The skin will show grey, dust like appearance which gives a velvet look.
|
|
Hoferellosis
Kidney enlargement disease (KED)
|
Hoferellus carassii
|
Enlarged kidneys seen as swelling on the both sides of the abdomen.
|
Participants