VSR 421: Regional Veterinary Surgery (2+1)

CYSTOTOMY IN CANINES

Indications

• Cystic calculi
• Neoplasia of urinary bladder
• Correction of ectopic ureters
• Urinary tract infection which is resistant to treatment

Symptoms

• Typical symptoms include straining to urinate (stranguria).
• Blood in the urine (hematuria).
• Urinating small amounts frequently (pollakiuria).
• Excess urination (polyuria).
• Pain in the rear quarters.
• Reluctance to jump or play, or even lethargy.

Diagnosis

• A urinalysis is helpful in making a diagnosis. The p^H of the urine, mineral content, and the presence of bacteria or crystals all provide valuable information.
• Radiography-radiopaque calculi can be detected.

X ray shows the presence of urethral
and cystic calculi with distended bladder

• Ultrasonography is a good method to diagnose stones in the urinary bladder, particularly for radio lucent calculi and anatomical defects of the abdominal wall.