Aquatic Pollution and Coastal Zone Managememnt (2+1)

Topic outline

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  General

  Aquatic Pollution and Coastal Zone Management (2+1)

  H.R.V.Reddy and P.Chidambaram
  

  Overview
  

  Pollution of Aquatic environment is a relatively recent development and today it is of great concern. Before the 19th century industrial revolution, people lived in harmony with their immediate environment. As the industrialization has spread around the globe, the problem of water pollution has intensified. Today with over 8 billion people on the planet, the pressure on the water resources has increased and water pollution has become an emerging threat. In order to combat water pollution we must understand the problems associated with water pollution and become the part of the solution.

  In this context the course Aquatic Pollution and Coastal Zone Management has been designed to expose the under graduate students of Fisheries Science to various dimensions of Aquatic Pollution, resulting Environmental and Public Health Hazards and various tools available for monitoring and abatement of pollution. In addition, the coastal ecosystems which are highly productive and rich in biodiversity has been explained.
  

  The course Aquatic Pollution and Coastal Zone Management has been divided into two parts. The first part covers Aquatic Pollution and the second part Coastal Zone Management.
  

  • Course Outline Page
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  Topic 1

  Unit 1 - Classification of aquatic pollution

  • Expected learning outcome Page
  • 1.1.Origin and Development of Biosphere Page
  • 1.2.What is Pollution? Page
  • 1.3.Water Pollution Page
  • 1.4.Sources of pollution Page
  • 1.5.Measurement of water quality Page
  • 1.6.Water Quality Evaluation Page
  • 1.7.Water Quality Criteria For Fresh Water Page
  • 1.8.Water Quality Standards for Coastal Waters/ Marine Outfalls Page
  • 1.9.Classification of Water Pollution Page
  • 1.9.1.Physical Pollution of Water Page
  • 1.9.2.Chemical Pollution of Water Page
  • 1.9.3.Biological pollution of water Page
  • QUIZ - 1
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  Topic 2

  Unit 2 - Sewage and domestic wastes, treatment and reuse

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 2.1.Definition Page
  • 2.2.Composition of Sewage Page
  • 2.3.Measurement of Organic Pollution Page
  • 2.4.Effects of Sewage Pollution on Aquatic Environment Page
  • 2.4.1. Physio-Chemical Characteristics Page
  • 2.4.2.Ecological Damage Page
  • 2.4.3.Health Risks Page
  • 2.4.4.Amenity Loss/Economic Loss Page
  • 2.5.Sewage Treatment Methods Page
  • 2.5.1.Preliminary Treatment Page
  • 2.5.2. Primary Treatment Page
  • 2.5.3. Secondary Treatment Page
  • 2.5.3.1.Biological Treatment Units Page
  • a) Trickling Filters Page
  • b). Activated Sludge Process: Page
  • 2.5.4.Tertiary Treatment Page
  • 2.5.4.1.Disinfections Treatment Page
  • 2.5.4.2.Sludge Digestion Page
  • 2.6.Utilization of wastes Page
  • 2.6.1.Biological and Non-Biological Wastes Page
  • 2.7.Pollutants Page
  • QUIZ - 2
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  Topic 3

  Unit 3 - Agricultural wastes and eutrophication

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 3.1.Nutrient content in agricultural wastes Page
  • 3.2.Nutrient Contents in Manure Page
  • 3.3.Nutrients in Manure and Commercial Fertilizers Page
  • 3.4.Waste production in agriculture Page
  • Agricultural Waste Treatment Page
  • 3.6.What is dissolved oxygen? Page
  • 3.7.What causes dissolved oxygen concentrations to change? Page
  • 3.8.Significance of dissolved oxygen Page
  • 3.9.Biological Oxygen Demand Page
  • 3.10.Chemical Oxygen Demand Page
  • 3.11.Effects of organic matter on soil properties Page
  • 3.12.Eutrophication Page
  • 3.13.The major and minor plant nutrients in aquatic systems Page
  • The Major Mineral Nutrients of Plants Page
  • Macro-Nutrients of Plants
  • 3.13.2.A. Element form of Concentration Some Functions Absorption as a % of dry wt. Page
  • 3.13.2.1.Nitrogen Page
  • 3.13.2.2.Phosphorus and Potassium Page
  • 3.13.2.3.Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur Page
  • 3.13.2.4.Iron Page
  • 3.13.2.5.Carbon Page
  • 3.13.2.6. Hydrogen and Oxygen Page
  • 3.13.2.B. The Minor Mineral Nutrients Page
  • 3.13.3.Minor Nutrient Availability and Consequences Page
  • 3.14.Red tide Page
  • 3.15.Algal blooms in Indian waters Page
  • 3.16.Algal bloom Research in India Page
  • QUIZ - 3
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  Topic 4

  Unit 4 - Pesticide pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 4.1.Pesticide Pollution Page
  • 4.2.Types of pesticides Page
  • 4.3.Sources and Pathways of Pesticides Page
  • 4.4.Pathways Page
  • 4.5.Comparison of behavioral toxicity of chlorinated hydrocarbons(CLHCs) and related compounds Page
  • 4.6.Half-lives of Pesticides Page
  • 4.7.The ecological impacts of pesticides Page
  • 4.8.Human Health Effects of Pesticides Page
  • Classification of pesticides
  • 4.9.Persistent Organic Pollutants Page
  • 4.9.1.Chemical Properties Page
  • 4.9.1.1.Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane( DDT) Page
  • 4.9.1.2.Drins and Lindane Page
  • 4.9.1.3.Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Page
  • 4.9.1.4.Dioxins and Furans Page
  • 4.10.Importance of Organophosphates Page
  • 4.10.1.Exposure Page
  • 4.11.Bioaccumulation Page
  • 4.12.Biomagnification Page
  • 4.13.The Effect of the Pollutant Page
  • 4.14.Heavy Metals Page
  • 4.14.1.Toxicity of Heavy Metals Page
  • 4.15.How Organisms might be affected by a Pollutant Page
  • QUIZ - 4 (A)
  • QUIZ - 4 (B)
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  Topic 5

  Unit 5 - Heavy metal pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 5.1.Introduction Page
  • 5.2.Definition Page
  • 5.3.Sources of Heavy Metals Page
  • 5.3.1.Natural Sources Page
  • Anthropogenic Activities
  • 5.3.1.a) Domestic Waste Waters and Urban Runoff Page
  • 5.3.1.b) Industrial Waste Waters Page
  • 5.4.Fate of Heavy Metals Page
  • 5.5.Environmental Effects Page
  • 5.5.1.Mercury Page
  • 5.5.2.Cadmium Page
  • 5.5.3.Arsenic Page
  • 5.5.4.Lead Page
  • QUIZ - 5
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  Topic 6

  Unit 6 - Oil pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 6.1.Introduction Page
  • 6.2.Sources / Inputs of Oil Pollution Page
  • 6.2.1.Tanker Accidents Page
  • 6.2.2.Non Tanker Accidents Page
  • 6.3.Fate of Spilled Oil Page
  • 6.4.Toxicity of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Page
  • 6.5.Control of Oil Pollution Page
  • QUIZ - 6
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  Topic 7

  Unit 7 - Microbial pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 7.1.Microbes Page
  • 7.2.Microbes - useful or not? Page
  • 7.3.Sewage-Fungus complex Page
  • 7.4.What is a Zoonosis? Page
  • 7.5.Biofilm Page
  • 7.6.Biocorrosion Page
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  Topic 8

  Unit 8 - Bioremediation and phytoremediation

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 8.1.Bioremediation Page
  • 8.1.1.Principles of bioremediation Page
  • 8.1.2.Factors of bioremediation Page
  • 8.1.2.1.Microbial populations for bioremediation processes Page
  • 8.1.2.2.Environmental factors Page
  • 8.1.3.Bioremediation strategies Page
  • 8.1.3.1.In situ bioremediation Page
  • 8.1.3.2.Ex situ bioremediation Page
  • 8.1.4.Advantages and Disadvantages of bioremediation Page
  • 8.2.Phytoremediation Page
  • QUIZ - 8
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  Topic 9

  Unit 9 - Thermal pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 9.1.Introduction Page
  • 9.2.Sources Page
  • 9.3.Environmental Effects Page
  • 9.4.Abatement Page
  • QUIZ - 9
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  Topic 10

  Unit 10 - Radioactive pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 10.1.Introduction to Radioactive pollution Page
  • 10.2.Nature of Radioactivity Page
  • 10.3.Types of Radiation Page
  • 10.4.Units of Expression of Radioactivity Page
  • Sources of Radioactivity
  • 10.4.1.Natural Radionuclides Page
  • 10.4.2.Anthropogenic Activity Page
  • 10.5.Effects on Biotic Communities Page
  • 10.6.Hazards to Human Health Page
  • 10.7.Control of Radioactive Pollution Page
  • QUIZ - 10
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  Topic 11

  Unit 11 - Monitoring and control of pollution

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 11.1.Industrial Pollution Page
  • 11.2.Pollution in Maritime States Page
  • West Coast of India
  • 11.3.1.Gujarat Coast Page
  • 11.3.2.Maharashtra Coast Page
  • 11.3.3.Goa Coast Page
  • 11.3.4.Karnataka Coast Page
  • 11.3.5.Kerala Coast Page
  • East Coast of India
  • 11.4.1.Tamil Nadu Coast Page
  • 11.4.2.Andhra Pradesh Coast Page
  • 11.4.3.Orissa Coast Page
  • 11.4.4.West Bengal Coast Page
  • Monitoring and Control of Pollution
  • 11.5.Biological Indicators of pollution Page
  • 11.6.Sentinel organisms Page
  • 11.7.Assessment Methodology Page
  • 11.8.Levels of Organization and Associated Biomonitoring Measures Page
  • 11.9.Assessment Indices Page
  • Common Organisms used for Biomonitoring
  • 11.10.1.Benthic macroinvertebrates Page
  • 11.10.2.Finfish Page
  • 11.10.3.Algae Page
  • 11.11.Water Quality Profile of Major Rivers Page
  • 11.12.Status of Marine Pollution Page
  • 11.13.Action taken for Remedial/ Control Measures Page
  • QUIZ - 11 (A)
  • QUIZ - 11 (B)
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  Topic 12

  Unit 12 - Environmental impact assessment

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 12.1.Introduction Page
  • 12.2.Rationale of EIA / Why Do EIA? Page
  • 12.3.Definition of EIA Page
  • 12.4.Objectives of EIA Page
  • 12.5.Initial Environmental Evaluation Page
  • 12.6.Detailed Assessment Page
  • 12.7.Advantages and Limitations of EIA: Page
  • QUIZ - 12
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  Topic 13

  Unit 13 - Coastal zone and anthropogenic activities

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 13.1.What is the Coastal Zone? Page
  • 13.2.Definition of Coastal Zone Page
  • 13.3.Characteristics of Coastal Zone Page
  • 13.4.Dynamic zone Page
  • Environmental Impacts
  • 13.5.Residence in the Coastal Zone Page
  • 13.6.Fisheries Page
  • 13.7.Waste Disposal, Pollution and Oil Spills Page
  • 13.8.Tourism Page
  • 13.9.Land Use Practices Page
  • 13.10.Shipping and Port Page
  • 13.11.Aquaculture Page
  • QUIZ - 13
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  Topic 14

  Unit 14 - Coastal zone management and information system

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • Coastal Zone Management
  • 14.1.Need for Management Page
  • 14.2.Definition Page
  • 14.3.What is ICZM? Page
  • 14.4.Approaches/Stages of ICZM Page
  • 14.5.Management Methods and Information System Page
  • 14.6.Remote Sensing (RS) & Geographic Information System (GIS) Page
  • 14.7.Application of remote sensing in coastal & marine environments Page
  • 14.7.1. Coastal geomorphology and habitat Page
  • 14.7.2. Study of oceanic and coastal water (physical) properties Page
  • 14.7.3. Study of pollutants in the marine environment Page
  • QUIZ - 14
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  Topic 15

  Unit 15 - Coastal regulation zone notification

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 15.1.Classification of the CRZ Page
  • 15.2.Prohibited Activities Page
  • 15.3. Regulation of Permissible Activities Page
  • 15.4.Procedure for monitoring and enforcement Page
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  Topic 16

  Unit 16 - Integrated Coastal Zone Management

  • Expected Learning Outcome Page
  • 16.1.Indian Initiatives Page
  • 16.2.Indian coast Page
  • 16.3.Indian Laws and Regulations Page
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  Topic 17

  Practicals

  • 1. Toxicity test File
  • 2. toxicity test-Mercury File
  • 3. toxicity test-Mercury on fish File
  • 4. toxicity test-Cadmium File
  • 5. toxicity test-Cadmium on fish File
  • 6. toxicity test-Chromium File
  • 7. toxicity test-Chromium on fish File
  • 8. Estimation-pH File
  • 9. Estimation - TSS & TDS File
  • 10. Estimation-BOD File
  • 11. Estimation-COD File
  • 12. Estimation - Nitrite File
  • 13. Estimation - Nitrate File
  • 14. Estimation - Phosphorus File
  • 15. Estimation - Ammonia File
  • 16. Determination- Particulate iron File
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  Topic 18

  Further reading and Glossary

  • References Page
  • Glossary