Photo Journalism 4(1+3)

Lesson 9 : Types of Filters

Types of filters

1. UV filter
   Use a good ultra violet filter on your lens to remove any UV entering your camera. Since they are clear filters you can leave one of these on every lens. Not only does this serve the purpose of keeping the UV out, you protect the expensive lens coating when you constantly have a UV filter attached on top. Photoshop can't do that for you!.


2. Skylight filters


3. Haze filters
   


4. Color conversion filters
   To enhance or reduce certain colors. When you have studied complimentary colors you have the power o use complimentary filters when you want a lesser shade of a certain hue. On the other hand, you could enhance a certain shade by using the same color filter.


5. Colour filters


6. Enhancing filters


7. Polarizing filters


8. Neutral density (ND) filters


9. Graduated filters
   Similar to graduated ND filters (see earlier section for additional details), Color-Grad color filters are also produced in a wide range of standard and custom colors, densities, and proportions for many applications. A Blue-to-Clear filter can add blue to a white, hazy sky without affecting the foreground. An Orange-to-Clear filter can enliven a tepid sunset. Color can be added to the bottom of the scene, as with a Green-to-Clear filter used to enrich the appearance of a lawn.
   
   Stripe filters are another type of graduated filter, having a thin stripe of color or neutral density running through the center of the filter, gradating to clear on either side. These are often used to horizontally paint various colors in layers into a sky, as well as for narrow-area light balancing.


10. Fog filters


11. Multi image filters
    When any single filter is not enough to produce the desired results, use combinations. Choose carefully, to minimize the number required. Usually the job can be done with no more than three filters. Use filters that individually add to the final effect, without cancelling each other out For example, don't use a polarizer, which can increase color saturation, in combination with a low contrast filter which reduces saturation, unless it works for some other reason (the polarizer could also be reducing reflections, for instance). Generally, the order they are mounted in is not important.