|
The principal information provided in set of house drawings are as follows:
Site plans are drawn to show the location of a home on the property in its context. It is an overhead view of the construction site and the home as it sits in reference to the boundaries of the lot. Site plans should outline location of utility services, setback requirements, and easements, location of driveways and walkways, and sometimes even topographical data that specifies the slope of the terrain.
A floor plan is an overhead view of the completed house. Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths. Floor plans will also indicate rooms, all the doors and windows and any built-in elements, such as plumbing fixtures and cabinets, water heaters and furnaces, etc. Floor plans will include notes to specify finishes, construction methods, or symbols for electrical items.
Elevations are a non-perspective view of the home. These are drawn to scale so that measurements can be taken for any aspect necessary. Plans include front, rear and both side elevations. The elevations specify ridge heights, the positioning of the final fall of the land, exterior finishes, roof pitches and other details that are necessary to give the home its exterior architectural styling.
A section cuts through the dwelling and the location of this 'cut through' is noted on the floor plan. It describes how the building will be constructed and discusses how the internal finishes are to look. Sections are used because they explain certain conditions in more detail. These conditions may include ceiling height, ceiling type (flat or vault), and window and door dimensions.
Detail drawings provide information about specific parts of the construction.
A detail is both graphic and written information. An area of construction is drawn at a larger scale in order to clearly show the materials, dimensions, method of building, desired joint or attachment, reflected ceiling plans and so on.
Additional information as follows may also be provided:
- Foundation plan, including dimensions and locations for footings.
- Roof plans, including type, pitch and framing.
- Interior elevation drawings (interior walls).
- Detail drawings, such as built-in shelving, moldings, and columns.
- Schedules for elements such as windows and doors.
- Structural layouts.
- Electrical and telecom drawings: show locations of all the outlets, TV sockets, switches and fixtures. Also indicates which switches operate which lights, and where the electric lines should be run,.
- Plumbing schematic drawing: plumbing fixtures and piping.
Plans are in general, views looking down. The type of plan is named after what it is intended to show. The top view of an entire piece of property and its features would be called a site / plot plan (Figure 1). The plot plan shows the location of the building and plot shape, contours, walkways, driveways and dimensions.
Figure 1 A site / plot plan
The top view of a building would be a view of the roof or roof plan while the view of only the building structure would be a structural framing plan (Figure 2) and that of the foundation would be a foundation plan (Figure 3).
|
|
|
Figure 2 Structural Framing Plan
|
Figure 3 Foundation Plan
|
|
Participants