Veterinary Preventive Medicine-II

Synonym and introduction

SYNONYMS AND INTRODUCTION

Synonym

• Hog cholera, European swine fever

Introduction

• Highly contagious viral disease of pigs of all ages, characterized by rapid and sudden onset, high mortality and morbidity with generalized hemorrhages of internal organs.
• This disease is caused by pantropic RNA virus belonging to the genus Pesti virus, family Flaviviridae.
• The virus is closely related to Bovine viral diarrhea virus.
• The disease was widespread in South African countries, Europe, China and Japan and prevalent in moderate to severe proportion in India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Philippines.
• In India this disease was first reported in West bengal in the year 1961.
• Swine are the natural host of the virus. All breeds, sex and ages of pigs are susceptible to this infection.
• Wild pigs often remain as inapparent carrier of the virus.
• Young pigs are more susceptible than the adult pigs. Infection is transmitted readily by direct and indirect contact.
• The virus is usually acquired by ingestion of food and water contaminated with discharges and secretions from infected pig.
• Urine and nasal and ocular discharges are generally regarded as most infective.
• The isolation of CSFV should be attempted in the pig kidney ( PK-15 ) cell line, or other suitable cell lines.