Horti-Business Management (2+0)

Principles of Directing

Principle of harmony of objectives

• Effective directing depends on the extent to which individual (employees) objectives in cooperative activity are harmonized with group (firm) objectives.
Principle of unity of command

• The more completely an individual has a reporting relationship to a single superior, the less the problem of conflict in instructions and the greater the feeling of personal responsibility for results.
Principle of direct supervision

• Effective direction requires that management supplement objective methods of supervision with direct personal contact.
Principle of supervisory techniques

• Since people, tasks, and organizational environment vary, techniques of supervision will be most effective if appropriately varied.