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A spot is a particular type of directional light, projecting a controlled, intensified beam on to an object. It can be used for dramatic display effects as well as in situations where a strong, direct light is essential for some specific job or work.
There are three main types of spotlight. The simplest sort has a reflector fitting which takes all ordinary domestic filament bulb. More sophisticated ones hold specially-designed spot bulbs and many of these are internally silvered with built-in reflectors for extra intensity. The third kind is fitted with low-voltage transformers for narrow beams on small objects. Track lighting can be fixed or adjustable, and can be used single or in groups clipped in series or together on a ceiling track. Up lighters and down lighters:
Down-lighters are forms of spotlights that provide narrow beams spreading down to the floor, the width of the beam varying according to the fitting. They can be fully recessed in the ceiling, semi-recessed so that some of the fitting protrudes or mounted on the surface and are often designed with some form of anti-glare device.
Multigrooves, spillrings and pinhole spots are forms of down-lighters. They are called wall-washers when angled to "wash" or bathe a wall in light.
There are also up-lighters and other specialized spotlights, or framing spots, for lighting define areas like paintings for instance, which can be lit only over the actual image. The objective of emphasis can also be achieved by the use of such fixtures.
 
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