VPT 321: Veterinary Neuropharmacology (2+1) copy 1

INDIVIDUAL NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS

Competitive Neuromuscular blockers: d-tubocurarine, Gallamine triethoiodide, Pancuronium, Vencuronium

• d-tubocurarine: is an alkaloid obtained from Chondrodendron  tomentosum
• Prominent release of histamine
• Ganglionic blocking
• Long duration of action
• Not used now.
• Gallamine triethiodide
• Produce marked tachycardia due to vagal blockade,
• Needs reversal.
• Pancuronium
• Synthetic steroidal compound
• 5 times more potent than d-tubocurarine
• Long duration of action
• Reversal required
• Cardiovascular staility is good.
• Inexpensive routinely used.
• Vencuronium
• Close congener of pancuronium with shortest duration of action.
• Cardiovascular stability is still better.
• Atracurium
• A bisquaternary compound
• Shorter acting
• Unique feature is inactivation in plasma by spontaneous non enzymatic degradation.

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

• Succinylcholine
• Most commonly used muscle relaxant for passing endotracheal tube.
• Induce rapid, predictable and complete paralysis with spontaneous recovery in five minutes.