VMD 511: Animal Welfare, Ethics and Jurisprudence (2+0)

ETIOLOGY

• Either natural or traumatic causes.

Mechanic obstruction

• Nasal granuloma.
• Oedema of larynx.
• Acute cellulitis of the throat.
• Peripharyngeal cellulitis, and oedema.
• Laryngeal obstruction.
• Tumour / abscess etc
• Anaphylatic reactions following injection of foreign proteins or serum - fatal asphyxia.
• Paralysis of respiratory nerves, muscles or respiratory centre form injury or disease or poisoning.
• Disease of lungs or pulmonary circulation failure (lung disease, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, collapse of the lung due to penetrating wounds of thorax and circulatory disturbance of the lung.
• Strangulation in the closure of the air passages by eternal pressure on the neck which prevents the ingress or egress of air during respiration. Crossing of the halter of two bulbs tied close together.
• Inhalation of irrespirable gases eg. CO, Hydrogen sulphide, sulphur dioxide, nitrous oxide and chlorine.