VMD 511: Animal Welfare, Ethics and Jurisprudence (2+0)

SYNCOPE

• Circulatory failure
• Acute and progressive failure of the peripheral circulation is known as shock.
• Shock is “stagnant hypoxia”.
• Haemorrhagic shock
  • Common cause of shock in animals. Upto 20% blood loss animal can tolerate.
  • Hypovalemic before reinfusion
  • Normovalemic – after reinfusion
• Traumatic shock
  • Depressed state of vital function that results from severe traumatic injury.
  • Two kinds of traumatic shock
    • Primary or immediate
    • Secondary or delayed – due to loss of plasma occurred few hours after injury.
      • Primary shock
        • Overwhelming of vital centres in the medulla by nerve impulse originating in the injured area and conveyed to CNS.
        • Death with in few minutes from vasomotor collapse in primary shock.
• Septic shock
  • Fatal infection by pyogenic organisms following an injury if animal survives immediate complication of shock and haemorrhage.
  • Suppurative pathogenic bacteria.
    • Rupture of intestines
    • Injury to gastro intestinal tract
  • Reticulo endothelial system of a shocked animal – not having capability of detoxifying the bacterial toxins.
  • Endotoxin produces peripheral circulatory failure (exact mechanism in not known).
• Thermal shock
  • Exposure to extreme degree of heat or cold,
  • It is are characterized by progressive hypovalemia,
  • Haemoconcentration and
  • Circulatory failure.
• Anaphylactic shock
  • Is an immunologic phenomenon.
  • Occurred between sensitized body cells and specific antigens.