VMD 513: Pet animal Breeding, Management, Nutrition and Health Care (1+1)

BACTERIAL INFECTION OF AVIAN INTEGUMENT

• A cutaneous ulcer is an open infected area on the skin that exposes the underlying tissues.
• Bacteria, especially anaerobes or other organisms flourish in the tissues are not necessarily the primary cause.
• Injuries, burns, foreign bodies, pox viruses, or Mycobacterium spp may start the disease process and malnutrition and other stresses may predispose the skin to ulcer formation.
• Skin infections : purulent infection occurring the or just under the skin can cause epidermal sloughing.
• The head is usually affected, but he condition may also be seen in the axillary area of some sulphur-crested cockatoos.
• Skin lesions can be associated with may systemic diseases, including those due to Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Pasteurella spp., yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Mycobacterium spp., Spirochaeta spp., Mycoplasma spp., and Erysipelothrix spp.
• Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. Only occasionally produce purulent lesions in birds; usually dry scabby dermatosis is seen.
• Pasteurella spp. Can cause matting of feathers around the vent, eye and beak in combination with systemic infection.
• Mycobacterium spp. can be associated with the development of wart like or dry flaking swelling or caseogranulomatous skin lesions, subcutaneous nodules or raised ulcers of the skin mainly on head.