INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY 3(2+1)

Lesson 9 : Group Methods

Method Demonstration

A method demonstration is given before a group of people to show how to carry out an entirely new practice or an old practice in a better way.

It is essentially skill training, where the emphasis is on effectively carrying out a job, which shall improve upon the result.

The method demonstration is the oldest form of teaching

Objectives:

• To teach skills and stimulate people to action
• To get rid of inefficient or ineffective movements
• To improve upon the result by doing a job in a better way
• To build up learner’s confidence and satisfaction on the practice

Procedure or steps to be followed:

1. Analyze the situation and determine the need:

Determine that the subject-matter practice involves skills which need to be demonstrated to many people Is the demonstration for new skills developed through research, or for old skills not being performed successfully Is it suitable for visual presentation to a group Can the demonstration be repeated satisfactorily by local leaders Is the practice really important from farmer’s view point Can people afford to follow the practice Are supplies and equipment available in sufficient quantities to permit wide-spread use of the practice.




2. Plan the demonstration in detail:

• Gather all the information about the practice. Familiarize yourself with the subject matter. Check on research findings
• Talk over the problem with a few village leaders. Let the
• Villagers help you plan the demonstration. Let them provide land and other requisites
• Have a time table, depending on how much skill is required and how soon it is to be acquired
• Have a job break-down or a demonstration outline giving the operations in logical steps
• Identify the key points to be emphasized under each step
• List out and select demonstration materials and equipment most likely to be available or readily obtainable
• Arrange for diagrams, direction and other teaching materials to be distributed
• Prepare kits of special material needed by local leaders if they are to repeat the demonstration



3. Rehearse the demonstration:

• Practice demonstration until you are through with all the steps and know exactly what you say or do at each step, so that the operation can be performed in a manner to inspire confidence
• Make sure steps and points will be clear from audience’s point of view
• Check time required, to make sure is opportunity for audience’s questions and other expected participation.



4. Give the demonstration:

• Prior publicity should have been given about the place and time
• Be at the spot early t check up equipment and material
• Make physical arrangements so that all participants can have a good look at the demonstration and take part in the discussion
• Explain purpose, and how it is applicable to local problem
• Find out what they already know about the practice
• Show each operation slowly step by step, repeat where necessary
• Use simple words to explain each step of the operation
• Make sure the audience can see and hear clearly



5. Fallow –up:

• Give publicity on the demonstration through press, radio, meetings etc.
• Arrange for reports on number of and attendance at demonstration given by local leaders
• Make a sample check to assess the extent of use of the skill and satisfaction derived those attending the method demonstration

Advantages:

1. Peculiarly suited in teaching skills to many people
2. Seeing, hearing, discussing and participating in a group stimulates interest and action
3. The costly trial and error procedure is eliminated
4. Acquirement of skills is speeded
5. Builds confidence of extension worker in himself, and also confidence of the people in the extension teacher, if the demonstration is performed skillfully
6. Simple demonstrations readily lend themselves to repeated use by local leaders
7. Introduces changes of practice at a low cost
8. Provides publicity material

Limitations

• Suitable mainly for practices involving skills
• Needs good deal of preparation, equipments and skill of the extension agent
• May require considerable equipment to be transported to the work place
• Requires a certain amount of showmanship not possessed by some extension workers

Important tips for conducting a good demonstration

To summarize

1. The demonstrator should encourage the audience and see that people understand learn to do what is being demonstrated.
2. Before starting the actual working, he should tell the audience: what is being demonstrated?
3. Tell the audience, especially the interested farmers, the importance of the practice being demonstrated.
4. Help the audience to grow through the steps of demonstration so that they can repeat the process themselves without further help.
5. Invite questions and create an atmosphere that the audience may clarify its doubts.
6. A demonstration should be well-prepared in the subject himself, and should take the help of his colleagues and teachers, whenever necessary.

Result and Method demonstration comparison and contrast

S.No.	particulars	Result demonstration	Method Demonstration
1	purpose	To show locally the worth or value of a recommended practice	To teach how to do a job involving skill
2	Conducted by	Farmer under close supervision of extension worker	Extension worker or local leader specially trained for the purpose
3	For the benefit of	The demonstrator as well as other farmers	Persons present at the demonstration
4	comparison	Essential	Not essential
5	Maintenance of records	necessary	Not necessary
6	Time required	Substantial period	Relatively very little
7	cost	costly	Relatively cheap
8	Inter-relationship	Usually follows observation plots, may involve one or more method demonstrations.	Often paves the way for result demonstration

Basis for Demonstration

1. Most people retain 10-15% of what they READ, if the subject is explained in clear and simple language or in particular technical terms
2. The majority remember about 20-25% of what they HEAR, if their concentration is not limited through listening’ with one ear” to a speaker who perhaps fatigues them with a tedious lecture
3. About 30-35% what they have SEEN is kept in mind by the majority; even more if what is offered is well arranged and selected
4. The majority remember 50% and more of what they have SEEN and HEARD at the same time, provided both presentations complement one another
5. Up to 90% what is taught is kept in mind by majority of people, if they participate actively, and if ALL THE SENSES are involved

‘’Only the demonstration can make teaching perfect’’.