Biochemical Techniques and Instrumentation

6.2.2. History

Cloning technique has been successfully performed on several species. Tong Dizhon, an embryologist produced the world's first cloned fish in China by inserting the DNA from a cell of a male carp into an egg from a female carp in 1963. Mouse named "Masha" was the first successfully cloned mammal produced by the Soviet scientists, Chaylakhyan, Veprencev, Sviridova and Nikitin in 1986. In 1996, sheep was first cloned from early embryonic cells by Steen Willadsen. Later, Dolly the sheep was successfully cloned from the somatic cell and she lived for six years. She was cloned at the Roslin Institute of Scotland in 1997. Her stuffed remains were still placed at Edinburgh's Royal Musceum, Scotland. Gaur was the first endangered species cloned in 2001. Cat was cloned first for commercial reasons in 2004. Mule named “Idaho Gem” was the first horse-family clone produced in 2003. The water buffalo named “Samrupa” was the first animal cloned at India’s Karnal National Dairy Research Institute in 2009 but it died after five days due to lung infection.